Chapter 1 - Vowels and Consonants

The alphabets are classified into two categories:

Vowels and Consonants

The Vowels are: a, e, I, o, u

The Consonants are: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z

Example of Vowels:

An Apple, An elephant, An India, An ox, An umbrella

Example of Consonants:

A Bat, A rat, A mango

Chapter 2 - Noun

A noun is a word which is used as a name of a person, place or thing.

Example:

Person

1. Rita rides a bicycle.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Sonu eats an apple.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Place

1. We are going to the zoo today.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. The school is near my house.

Thing

1. The flowers are red.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. There is a lamp on the table.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Below are the different kinds of nouns:

Proper nouns:

Rule	Example
Specific people, places, things	Rajesh, Delhi, Amity, Abdul Kalam, Taj Mahal, Pizza

Common nouns:

Rule	Example
Words with general or unspecified categories	State, City, University, College, Schools

Chapter 3 - Singular and Plural Nouns

A Singular noun names one person, place or thing.

Example:

A bus, a car

A Plural noun names more than one person, place or thing.

Rules for changing Singular noun to plural noun:

To form the plural of nouns that have a vowel before the y, add s at the end.

Example:

Day – days

Toy – toys

To form the plural of singular nouns that end in s, ss, sh, ch or x, add es at the end.

Example:

Box – boxes

Brush – brushes

To form the plural of nouns ending in a consonant and y, change y to I and add es to it.

Example:

City – cities

Story – stories

To form the plural of nouns ending in f or fe, the final f or fe is removed and ves is added at the end.

Example:

Life – lives

Leaf - leaves

Exception for the above rule is that some nouns that end in f are made plural by adding s at the end.

Example:

Roof – roofs

Chef – chefs

To form the nouns that end in o, we add -s or -es at the end.

Example:

Zoo – zoos

Tomato – tomatoes

Some nouns change their spelling to name more than one.

Example:

Man – men

Child – children

The plural of some nouns is same as the singular form.

Deer – deer

Sheep – sheep

Chapter 4 - Pronouns

A Pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun or nouns.

We use pronouns so that the nouns do not repeat itself again and again.

The pronoun I, me, he, she, it, him, her and you can take the place of singular noun.

We, they, them, us take the form of plural nouns.

Example:

The water is dirty. It is not fit for drinking.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mary is sitting at the table. She is drawing pictures.