Haryana came into existence on November 1, 1966. An internal partition of the former state of Punjab into two separate states saw the emergence of Haryana and Punjab.
With the guidance of Sardar Hukum Singh parliamentary committee, Haryana state was established. This parliamentary committee was announced on 23 September 1965.
From ancient times, land of Haryana was the center of power and politics. Land of Haryana, is linked to the days of saint Ved Vyas's great epic of Mahabharata.
Several invaders attacked India and the battles were fought in the land of Haryana hence it got its name "Gateway of India".
Architectural style in the state of Haryana is unique. People of Haryana are adaptive to new changes around them.
However, traditionally they use deep red, grey and white stone, excellent tile-work and painted ceiling gives the house rich look.
The government building and schools are stronger made of mortar, iron and bricks.
The houses get decorated by wall paintings depicting historical, mythological and social scenes which is part of traditional architecture of Haryana.
There are several forts, havelis, temples, wells and chhatris found in the state.
Demographic Location
The state of Haryana is located in the north-central region of India.
It subsides with the territories of Punjab in Northwestern side and union territory of Chandigarh on the north.
It is engulfed by the states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, on the east by the state of Uttar Pradesh and the NCR Delhi, and Rajasthan on the south and southwest side.
The city of Chandigarh is the capital of Haryana and Punjab.
People, Rituals and Language
People of Haryana speak in Haryanvi. Haryanvi is not considered as a language as it is the northern most dialect of Hindi language.
Haryanvi dialect belongs to the Western Hindi family of languages. It has several similar use of words with Khariboli, the prestige dialect of Hindi.
Punjabi is the second official language of Haryana.
Since Haryanvi is not a language it has adopted influence of other languages from neighboring state language.
Haryanvi is the spoken by the Jats of Haryana.
Some people use Bangaru as spoken dialect. Bagri is the second widest spoken dialect in the region of Sirsa, Hissar and Fatehabad. Ahirwati is spoken in Ahirwal belt.
Season and Climate
The climate of Haryana is dry and hot in the summer. It is dry and cold in winter with low temperatures reaching to below freezing point.
The entire state has semiarid weather system. Monsoon occurs between July and September
Due to scarcity of rainfall, this region suffers from severe drought conditions, particularly in the southern and southwestern regions.
Although major rivers have their river bed laid on the large parts of the state leaving marks of occasional floods in the months of North Western monsoon season.
Heat waves and sand storm are prevalent in this area arising from the western frontier and nearby arid zone of Rajasthan in very hot weather blowing away low pressure belt.
Culture & Education
Number of vibrant festivals are celebrated in Haryana. Most celebrated festivals include Teej, Guga Navmi, Gita Jayanti, Kaartik Cultural Festival.
Lohri is celebrated with great enthusiasm in Haryana. Lohri marks the end of winter and advent of joy and new life.
Men of haryana like to wear dhoti kurtas and women wear kurta lehenga. The weather plays a pivotal influence on wearing trends and preference.
Men wear clothes in white, women of dress up in colourful attires.
In Haryana, dance is called "Naach". Folk dance of Haryana entertains the public. The farmers get excited and proud of seeing their green fields.
In recent years, people of Haryana have understood the importance of education and the growth that comes with it. Hence, several colleges and institutes have emerged here.
Medical facilities like AIIMS have started coming up changing the lifestyle and health services of the people of Haryana.
Numerous Sports academy have surface from grass root level encouraging young boys and girls from villages to come up and make the nation proud of their performance.
Famous Spots
There are several places of Vedic and cultural importance. The famous cities and places are as follows:
Panipat
Sonipat
Hisar
Kurusketra
Karnal
Ambala
Other places of attraction and commercial importance are as follows:
Faridabad
Pinjore
Panchkula
Gurgaon
Chandigarh
Aqualife, Flora & Fauna
Haryana has diverse vegetation. Shisham trees grow along the roads and canals in the northern half of the state.
Numerous Eucalyptus trees are planted along the highways and in wastelands. while small, spiny kikar trees and scrub are found in baren fields in Haryana.
Haryana is natural home to a variety of mammals, like leopards, jackals, wild boars, several types of deer, found in the hilly regions of the state.
Smaller mammals, such as bats, squirrels, and rats are common in the plains. Ducks and teals of various sorts are found near the natural lakes and rivers.
Pigeons, parakeets, buntings, sunbirds, bulbuls, and kingfishers and doves are common in the agricultural areas.
Reptiles and species of snakes like pythons, boas, rat snakes, kraits and vipers are found in damp and marshy areas of the jungles in the surroundings.
The state produces significant quantities of cotton, mustard seed, pearl millet, chickpeas, sugarcane, corn, and potatoes.
Dairy farming is one of the main occupation in Haryana. They graze cattle, buffaloes, and bullocks, which are used for plowing the land and produce milk products.
Land of Haryana consists of flat alluvial soil and landscape covering large portion of the state reaching till the territories of Rajasthan and Delhi.
The alluvial plain is watered by only one river, the Yamuna located on the state’s eastern border.
The seasonal streams flowing from the Shiwalik Range pass through the area known as the Ghaggar that provides natural habitat to various species of animals and migrating birds.
